Male and Female Relationships in Generation Y Essay -- Sex Abstinence

Male and Female Relationships in Generation Y Sexual relationships among teenagers today involve not only dating and sexual activity, but also health and lifestyle issues such as sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies. Today’s teens are more informed and willing to practice safe sex than previous generations. As a whole, trends like body piercing for sexual pleasure all the way to strict abstinence have been adopted by Generation Y youth (Codrington). Where did it all begin? Heterosexual relationships have existed from the beginning of time, when the God of Christianity created Adam and Eve. Since that time relationships among heterosexual partners have continued to evolve. Instead of fathers arranging to give away their daughters to deserving men, people in America today now chose who they want to have relationships with. Dating and the Attractive Partner Sexual relationships usually begin with dating. Dating is the time when two people get to know each other and a time when they start to consider if they can have a long-term relationship. For today’s teens the new trend in dating is dating in groups of four, six, or even ten people (Stapinski). Even with this new trend however, the men are still asking the woman out. According to Leland Elliott and Cynthia Brantley, authors of Sex on Campus, 77 % of college boys still ask for the first date, while a mere 16 % of college woman take charge (49). Also, most college students (76 %) date only one person at a time. What do both men and woman look for in the opposite sex? If a woman were to answer for a man, most would probably list physical attributes such as eyes, smile, butt, and breasts, but the truth is that the number one thing a man l... ...girls in Jeopardy.† Human Ecology Forum Summer 1997:12+. * Pseudonym, to protect privacy 1 â€Å"Founded in 1916, world’s largest and oldest voluntary family planning organization. It is dedicated to the principles that every individual has a fundamental right to decide when or whether to have a child and that every child should be loved.† (www.plannedparenthood.com) 2 The condom concept dates back to 1350 B.C. when ancient Egyptians figured covering the penis might prevent pregnancy†¦Vulcanized rubber made an appearance as condom material in the mid 1800s. ( Sex on Campus 1997). â€Å"The Trojan brand has been a leader in providing videos and teaching guides for use in high school health education classes across the United States.† (Vogel 33). 3 HIV is an abbreviation for â€Å"Human Immunodeficiency Virus.† This virus is what causes AIDS ( Sex on Campus 1997).

Responsibility for the murder of King Duncan? Essay

It is hard to decide which of the two characters, Macbeth or Lady Macbeth, holds the most responsibility for the murder of King Duncan, as it is possible to think of both of them being equally to blame. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are both very ambitious characters and this will be looked at in this essay as part of the analysis of their contribution to Duncan’s murder. This essay will show how Lady Macbeth continuously influences Macbeth and Macbeth follows her every instruction. My essay will discuss both characters’ involvement and it will determine which one is the most culpable for King Duncan’s death. My first point will look at how Lady Macbeth persuades Macbeth to continue developing the plan for King Duncan’s demise. The first time that we see Lady Macbeth playing a part in the murder, is her reaction to the content of Macbeth’s letter. Immediately after reading the letter her initial decision is that, Macbeth must become king and she shows great determination, this can be supported with: â€Å"and shalt be / What thou art promised;† Merely a short time later Lady Macbeth says, â€Å"To catch the nearest way.† By this she means that Macbeth must become king by any means necessary. Yet she is not convinced that Macbeth is capable of committing the crime himself and so she goes onto say she will: â€Å"Pour my spirits in thine ear.† In this she is expressing how she will tell Macbeth what to do, and we can be sure that she is already developing a plan in order to claim the crown, and this can be seen when she says, â€Å"To have thee crowned withal.† Lady Macbeth is also trying to give Macbeth some of her character, as she does not believe that he could commit the murder without her help. The audience can see Lady Macbeth’s language symbolising evil when she says, â€Å"blanket of the dark.† Lady Macbeth wants the blanket to be dark because light would represent God and goodness and not killing Duncan, whereas Lady Macbeth needs darkness and Satan to help her to plan the deed. The blanket represents a cloud obscuring her conscience and preventing her from realising that her intended murder is wrong. Lady Macbeth’s conscience knows that murder is wrong but wants to call upon the supernatural powers to stop her conscience. This makes her guiltier as she understands how wrong the murder is and yet still wants to continue. It is clear that Lady Macbeth has not only got Macbeth’s interests at heart and is fully aware that she would become queen if Macbeth carries out the murder of Duncan. Just before this Lady Macbeth talks of wanting Macbeth to hurry home: â€Å"Hie thee hither,† We can conclude that this means Lady Macbeth wants the assassination to be carried out as soon as possible. During this passage we can clearly see Lady Macbeth for who she really is, and this is the first time that she is introduced to the play and immediately she reveals herself as being a deceitful and malicious character. Macbeth too shows his wicked nature when he looks to the witches for advice and information, and says, â€Å"Stay, you imperfect speakers. Tell me more.† Even though Macbeth knows that the witches are evil and are related to Satan, he wants to know more about the prophecies. Macbeth also feeds lines to Banquo so that Banquo will confirm what Macbeth wants to hear, â€Å"You shall be king.† Macbeth cannot believe that the witches have prophesised that he will become king when he says, â€Å"To be king / Stands not within the prospect of belief,† However what Banquo says does not stop Macbeth’s determination later in the play. Macbeth is desperate to hear more from the witches and to know more about being king, when he says, â€Å"Speak, I charge you.† The witches then disappear, and after the departure Macbeth discovers that another prophecy is found to be true. Macbeth believes the witches and ignores Banquo’s warnings that the prophecies are rooted in evil: â€Å"What, can the devil speak true?† Banquo does not want to have faith in the witches and believes that they are dangerous. In contrast Macbeth believes that he will be king even though the prophecies are a dangerous basis for his actions. Lady Macbeth decides to ignore the danger of the witches when she calls upon supernatural powers to help her: â€Å"Take my milk for gall.† It is clear from this that Lady Macbeth wants to rid her body of anything that may potentially hold her back from committing the deed. Clearly Lady Macbeth is desperate to be able to arrange the murder, and believes that by calling upon supernatural powers it will be possible, when Lady Macbeth says, â€Å"Come, thick night, / And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell,† and, â€Å"No compunctious visitings of nature / Shake my fell purpose,† The audience can see Lady Macbeth’s language becoming increasingly evil when she says, â€Å"thick night,† and â€Å"smoke of hell,† Lady Macbeth wants to have a dark night for the deed to occur, so that there is secrecy for the deed. She knows that if the night is dark then she will feel dark inside her and this will help her to perform the murderous action, this is an example of pathetic fallacy. Lady Macbeth says that the smoke is from hell and this represents the passion and desire and her evil desire to work with Satan on this sinful deed. Hell is also described as being torturous and burning, so â€Å"smoke of hell† is very evil language that Lady Macbeth uses. Then when Lady Macbeth hears of King Duncan’s arrival, she does not think of preparations for his stay but of his death: â€Å"He brings great news.† Her murderous plot can now continue, and we also see that Lady Macbeth is unwilling to let destiny take its course and wants to make her own future. This thought continues through the whole play up until the final point where the murder is committed, which can be seen when she says, â€Å"I feel now the future in the instant.† Macbeth also wants to make his own destiny and shows his first thought of murder when he says, â€Å"My thought, whose murder† This is halfway through Macbeth’s speech having just met the three witches, and Macbeth thinks of killing Duncan again when saying, â€Å"Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair.† This idea has not been put into Macbeth’s mind by anyone other than himself. Macbeth becomes very confused and disorientated in his understanding of what is right and what is wrong, shown when he says, â€Å"This supernatural soliciting / Cannot be ill cannot be good.† When saying, â€Å"This supernatural soliciting,† Shakespeare is showing that Macbeth knows that the witches have sought him. However is unsure as to whether he thinks it to be good or bad. Macbeth does not want to be associated with the witches however he also likes the idea of being king and is torn between right and wrong. Right and wrong continue to be blurred in his mind through the play up until Macbeth actually commits the murder of King Duncan. Macbeth is trying to say that what he can imagine is so horrific that it is worse than what could happen in life now, when he says, â€Å"Present fears / Are less than horrible imaginings.† Soon after the three witches have left Macbeth shows a greedy desire: â€Å"Two truths are told,† This particularly gluttonous desire continues throughout the play. Macbeth clearly knows that there would be great results for him, and his wife as a consequence of King Duncan’s demise, and this can be seen when he says, â€Å"With his surcease, success,† However, Macbeth does not think about this much longer as Banquo discourages him for thinking about the prophecies any more when saying, â€Å"Time and hour runs through the roughest day.† Yet Macbeth continues to think of the prophecies when he writes a letter to his wife. Having received the letter from Macbeth, Lady Macbeth chooses the path of persuading Macbeth to bring to an end any doubts about the murder. Firstly her main involvement, which is her consistent influence on Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is questioning Macbeth’s bravery and calling him a coward when saying, â€Å"Wouldst thou have that / Which thou esteem’st the ornament of life,† She then continues to call Macbeth a coward when she goes on to say, â€Å"Live a coward in thine own esteem,† Now Lady Macbeth tries to undermine Macbeth: â€Å"What beast was it then/ That made you break this enterprise to me?† Lady Macbeth is telling Macbeth that she would do anything for him and so he must also, when she says, â€Å"Had I so sworn / As you have done to this.† Lady Macbeth is using a variety of tactics to try and manipulate Macbeth to murder King Duncan, as best she can, which is eventually successful. Once Macbeth is fully coerced to the idea of committing the murder, he still has reservations. Lady Macbeth then reveals that she has schemed a plan and this is when she says, â€Å"What cannot you and I perform upon / Th’unguarded Duncan?† Showing how Lady Macbeth decides that murder is the best option as it is already planned, and that she is so keen on the idea. The whole murder is developed down to whom they shall blame it upon: â€Å"His spongy officers, who shall bear the guilt / of our great quell?† Showing Lady Macbeth’s incredible determination to continue with the murder, despite Macbeth’s worries. However, once Lady Macbeth embeds the plan into Macbeth’s mind, he continues to carry out the murder, following her instructions. This can be seen when Macbeth has a hallucination of a dagger in front of him. Macbeth is very confused when he says, â€Å"A dagger of the mind, a false creation,† and also â€Å"Witchcraft celebrates / Pale Hecate’s off’rings,† His language shows that there is evil within him and it is not just coming from external sources, such as the witches. Macbeth is talking to the dagger, and revealing that it leads him to what he wants to do, to murder King Duncan, when he says, â€Å"Thou marshall’st me the way I was going,† Macbeth knows what he is going to do, when he says, â€Å"On thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood.† This is his conscience trying to crush the idea, telling him that he is going to commit a murder and that it is morally wrong. â€Å"Horror†, â€Å"fatal vision†, â€Å"bloo dy business† and â€Å"wicked dreams abuse.† The language shows that Shakespeare portrays Macbeth as being absolutely evil, and this is because these words relate to the murder of King Duncan and show that the evil has risen from within Macbeth himself. When Macbeth prepares to commit the murder he has a fear that he may be discovered and that people will realise it was him who murdered King Duncan and not the guards who are to be blamed, this is when he says, â€Å"Hear not my steps, which way they walk,† As Macbeth leaves to commit the murder his last words are, â€Å"Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a knell / That summons thee to heaven or to hell.† Here Macbeth is cold, determined and purposeful, and Macbeth does not show any doubt as he leaves to carry out the deed at the end of the soliloquy. This essay clearly shows which character is most responsible for the demise of Duncan. Evidently Lady Macbeth is responsible in the way that she was determined at all times and only had one momentary doubt throughout the whole play. Looking at the consequences after the murder, Lady Macbeth does go on to kill herself. This illustrates that Lady Macbeth regrets the decision that she made and that she bears the guilt of the murder. In contrast to this Macbeth committed the crime without any doubt even though he had doubted before he was coerced to continue with the murder. Having murdered once Macbeth continued to murder, seeming to have acquired a taste for it, supplying us with the evidence that Macbeth was more responsible for the murder, due to his actually carrying out the deed and continuing to murder other innocent parties without a second thought.

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The Battle of Ypres 1915 Cost 6000 Canadian Casualties

In 1915, the second Battle of Ypres established the reputation of the Canadians as a fighting force. The 1st Canadian Division had just arrived on the Western Front when they won recognition by holding their ground against a new weapon of modern warfare - chlorine gas. It was also in the trenches at the second Battle of Ypres that John McCrae wrote the poem when a close friend was killed, one of 6000 Canadian casualties in just 48 hours. War: World War IDate: April 22 to 24, 1915Location: Near Ypres, BelgiumCanadian Troops at Ypres 1915: 1st Canadian DivisionCanadian Casualties at the Battle of Ypres 1915: 6035 Canadian casualties in 48 hoursMore than 2000 Canadians died Canadian Honours at the Battle of Ypres 1915 Four Canadians won the Victoria Cross at the Battle of Ypres in 1915 Edward Donald BellewFrederick Bud FisherFrederick William HallFrancis Alexander Scrimger Summary of the Battle of Ypres 1915 The 1st Canadian Division had just arrived at the front and were moved to Ypres Salient, a bulge in the front of the City of Ypres in Belgium.The Germans held the high ground.The Canadians had two British divisions on their right, and two French army divisions on their left.On April 22, after an artillery bombardment, the Germans released 5700 cylinders of chlorine gas. The green chlorine gas was heavier than air and sank into the trenches forcing soldiers out. The gas attack was followed by strong infantry assaults. The French defenses were forced to retreat, leaving a four-mile wide hole in the Allied line.The Germans did not have enough reserves or protection against the chlorine gas for their own troops to take immediate advantage of the gap.The Canadians fought through the night to close the gap.On the first night, the Canadians launched a counter-attack to drive the Germans out of Kitcheners Wood near St. Julien. The Canadians cleared the woods but had to retire. More attacks t hat night resulted in disastrous casualties but bought some time to close the gap.Two days later the Germans attacked the Canadian line at St. Julien, again using chlorine gas. The Canadians held on until reinforcements arrived.

I Am A Liberal Conservative Is More Open Minded Than Some...

I am a Liberal. A Liberal is more open minded than some other political ideologies. They believe we should all be equal and have the same opportunities in life. The government should help us so we can all be financially stable. Things like health care and food stamps are important because the government should help all of us, if we cannot do that for ourselves. Although liberals want help from the government they don’t believe they should control what we do in our personal lives. They are very big advocators for women’s rights for this reason. Focusing on actual government, a big belief is that federal government should have more say over citizens instead of letting state government have control over what we do. Along with having laws they believe more laws will help us. It is a way to keep people in line and provide equal opportunity for everyone. I identify as a liberal but I don’t hold all the same beliefs as the typical liberals. I come from a big Hispanic Ca tholic family; I am one of five children. Growing up I would stay with my grandmother most weekends because my house was always so hectic. I obviously was taken to church every Sunday with her, where we would meet with the rest of my family. I would attend my Communion classes before we went to mass. I remember my teachers always telling us how loving and accepting God is. We would sing and color all through class, everything just seemed perfect. When the priest would preach during mass he would say how forgivingShow MoreRelatedFactors Influencing A Person s Political Views1340 Words   |  6 PagesSelf-Evaluation A lot of factor influences a person’s political views. A person is influenced by a lot of things that make them able to take the political stance at a point of life. As an individual, he walks through the pace of long life to understand the values and beliefs that he has been hearing since childhood. 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During The 1500s To 1800s, The Strength And Stature Of A Essay Example For Students

During The 1500s To 1800s, The Strength And Stature Of A Essay During the 1500s to 1800s, the strength and stature of acountry depended upon its political power, which can be traced to howself-sufficient it was. Striving to be self-sufficient was whatnations sought after; dependency was not a characteristic of apowerful nation. Raw materials were the most required item tostrengthen the central government, and deter interactions, such astrade with other nations. The first country to introduce mercantilismin America was Spain. The spanish american colonies were not allowedto trade directly with Europe. Instead they had to funnel all of thesugar and tobacco, two common commdities of the new land, throughSpain. When this was done, heavy custom duties were imposed and thecentral government gained. Spanish American colonies were forced intoproviding precious metals and raw materials to the mother country. These colonies existed only to enrich spain, even if the economicpolicies adversly effected the well-being of the colonies. This gripcaused the central economy of Spain to grow at the expense of thecolonies. During the duration of this period, the 1500s through the1700s, mercantilism had a major effect on the economies in the newworld. English speaking colonies were effected by Englands policiesand acts. These policies and acts were means of controling the economyof the colonies in America and strengthen the central government ofEngland. Dutch traders had the commercial vessel market well corneredin the 1640s. It was very difficult for English colonies to competewith the Dutch. With owning 75 percent of Northern Europes vessels,being well-financed and experienced, the Dutch were going to stay incontrol of the market unless European Parliament intervined. In 1651the European parliament enacted the first Navigation Act to undercutthe Dutches domination. England was hoping that this Act would excludethe Dutch from trade with the English and force its own merchantmarine to grow. This act was the first attempt to enforcemerchantilism by England. The act proclaimed that all trade betweenFrance and English colonies, Europe and English colonies, and thecolonies with themselves must be conducted on an english ship(Kurland). The British were hoping that this would boost the economyand expand the mercant marine. The failure of this act was caused byinadequate machinery to enforce the law. The english colonies publiclydefied the act and kept on trading with the Dutch. The restoration ofCharles II brought about major changes in 1660. All of the acts of theCommonwealth Parliament, including the Navigation Act of 1651, wereconsidered illigal under his rule (Kurland). Charles II did not intendon doing away with the act, but revising it. The Navigation Act of1660 was a restatement of the 1651 act, but it also established a listof items including: tobacco, cotton, wool, and indi go, that couldntbe shipped outside of the British empire (Barck and Lefler). This Actmade the english colonies frusterated for they could get a higherprice for these items outside of the british empire. The NavigationAct worked as a disadvantage to the colonies, but helped the centraleconomy and government of the british by excluding such raw materialsfrom trade to other countries. The Staple Act of 1663 was an offshootof the Navigation Acts. It stated that all European goods bound forthe American colonies must first land at an english port and then bereshipped to America in English vessels (Kurland). The British wouldbenefit from this act by imposing custom duties on goods, which costwould be passed to the american consumer. The english merchants wouldprofit from handling, insurance, and shipping fees. This Act alsoprovided for a naval officer in all colonial ports to insure theupholding of the mercantile law. From the American stand point, theStaple Act meant higher prices and a b latant attempt of the British toexploit America for the benefit of the english merchants. There was noneed for the Staple Act to be passed. The Act served no other purposeother than the enrichment of the British people and strengthening ofthe central government. Another example of the British trying to exertcontrol over America was with the Molasses Act of 1733. This Actimposed a duty of nine pence per gallon on rum, six pence per gallonon molasses, and five shillings per hundredweight of sugar importedfrom French or Spanish colonies. The was no tax put on british rum,molasses, or sugar imported from British Colonies. The British, tryingto control the american colonies, were largely ineffective. The actwas vastly ignored by the Americans. The Americans were not going toobey a law passed by the english, when the english had no way ofenforcing it. The english colonies were pulling away from thealligence to Britain. The British wanted the colonies to build thepolitical power of Britain , without getting anything in return. TheBritish wanted to use up all of the resources and raw materials ofAmerica, without the colonies resisting. After the British recognizedthat the Molasses Act was ineffective, they amended it with the SugerAct (Morison and Commager). Bribing customs officals into taking 1 anda half pence per gallon not to notice the cargo being unloaded was howthe Molasses Act failed. To do away with this problem, the British cutthe tax by fifty percent and strickly enforced it. Now the colonieswere objecting to the decreased tax. Before, the tax was not collectedor enforced so the Americans were happy. Now that the tax wascollected the Americans were feeling the threat of British rule. TheBritish government was regarding the colonies as a source of revenue. .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 , .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .postImageUrl , .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 , .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466:hover , .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466:visited , .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466:active { border:0!important; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466:active , .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466 .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u43e8c3aa06bf3e736bd5307df81fb466:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Renaissance man and Renaissance women EssayThe colonies also noticed how the money was being spent and objectedto it. The British talked of how they needed money to support troopsin America. The troops were not there to protect the colonies, but toenforce British rule. The troops were stationed at ports, not in theinterior where the threat of attack was the greatest. America existedfor the sole purpose of strengthening the central government ofEngland. Unlike the rest of the Acts passed for the improvement of thebritish government, the Stamp Act caused the biggest political storm. Everyone from small farmers to merchants were effected. The parliamentwanted the colonist to pay for some imperial expenses. To do this,parliament passed the Stamp Act in 1765. This law made it illigal topuchase any paper, newspapers, customs documents, various licenses,college diplomas, and numerous legal forms for recovering debts,buying land, and making wills without a stamp bought buy the British. The law enabled the British not only to generate revenues, but censorall materials going into the public. The British would simply notstamp any material, such as a newspaper, that were putting anycomments about the British that were bad. The American colonies didnot reciate this law at all. They protested it with a venganceclaiming, Taxation without representation is slavery. Theworking-classs approach to this problem is to riot, gather great mobsand burn things, and beat up the tax collectors. The upper-classs wayof handling this was to make reforms and go about changing this in acivilized manner. Everyone in the colonies could agree that the StampAct was a selfish law made by the British to control the media andaquire revenues at the expense of the colonies. During 1790 to 1795,mercantilism helped spark the economy of America under Hamiltonsauthority. Hamilton wanted all foreign debts, amounting to 11.7million, to be payed off in full (Kurland). This would establish avery high cred it rating with other nations and help the governmentcreate political power. Other debts the Hamilton required to be payedoff or assumed were the 40 million in Confederation war bonds and 28million in debts of individual states (kurland). For the good of thecreating a cash economy and strengthing the U.S. credit rating,Hamilton wanted to induce a Bank of the United States under theimplied powers clause. The system of banking he purposed was verysimilar to that of Englands. Founded in 1791, the Bank of the UnitedStates had the duties of financing the federal government during war,regulating credit, and producing sound currency. Hamilton also had theidea of making the bank privately owned, so it would run proficiently. This would give the federal government a backbone during times of waror emergencies and make it much more powerful. Hamilton also calledfor American self-sufficiency. The report on Manufactures of 1791,written by Hamilton, promoted tariffs on imports to protectmanufacturing and create national wealth. America was building itspolitical power by manipulating its economy. What the British wereonce doing to the colonies, the colonies were now doing to themselves. America was using the idea of mercantilism to run the country andbuild political power. In conclusion, the whole purpose for England todevelope and carry out the Acts they passed were to stay in control ofthe colonys economy and better their central government. The Britishtroops were not there to protect, but to carry out english laws. TheStamp Act was developed to control the media and legal documents sothe colonies wouldnt stray away and acquire their own system. TheNavigation Act was to stop the dominating Dutch from taking over thecommercial vessel industry and build up Englands merchant marine. TheMolasses and Sugar Acts were to make America pay for its so calledtroops and help British merchants. Britains mercantilistic ideas inthese Acts show their disregard for the new colonies and theexploitation of their resources. After the War for Independence,America took some mercantilistic ideas to begin building theirpolitical power and economy.

David Guterson and His Use of the Theme of Nature Essay Example For Students

David Guterson and His Use of the Theme of Nature Essay David Guterson, a young American author, has written two major worksregarding aspects of human nature and human emotions. His first publication, acollection of short stories, entitled The Country Ahead of Us, The CountryBehind addresses some of the moral dilemmas that humans face throughout theirlives. His first novel, Snow Falling on Cedars, narrates the trial of aJapanese man accused of murdering a white man in the post World War II era. Throughout his literary works, Guterson uses elements of nature: land, trees,water and especially snow, as literal and metaphorical tools to develop andresolve conflicts. David Guterson uses the same aspects and characteristics of nature intwo different ways. First he describes in visual detail the literal or actualeffects that elements of nature have on the characters in the story. But moreimportantly Guterson uses nature to convey substantial and symbolic meaning inthe lives of the characters in his stories. One of the elements of nature that Guterson uses as a tool to developthe conflicts in Snow Falling on Cedars are the strawberry fields on the island. These fields represent an important source of income for the community. Traditionally the Japanese laborers worked the fields and the white Americansowned the fields. The question of the ownership of seven acres of strawberryfields serves as the apparent motive for the murder of Carl Heine. To a localJapanese fisherman, Kabuo (accused of murdering Carl Heine), the ownership ofthis land promises a secure future and ultimately independence. she knewthat Kabuo wanted a strawberry field.. nothing more than that (Snow Falling 89). His dreamwas close to him now, his strawberry land, his happiness (SnowFalling 456). The strawberry fields connected Kabuo to his past and symbolizeda continuity of life. My father planted the fathers of these (strawberry)plants (Snow Falling 362). Guterson also uses snow metaphorically to make the ownership of thestrawberry fields disappear and seem unimportant in life (Snow covering thefields permitted the reader to veiw the ownership of the fields as a verymaterialistic and selfish thing). After the snow has fallen it acts as apurifier to all the wrong that has come of the fighting over the ownership ofthe fields. Center Valley strawberry fields lay under nine inches ofpowderthe snow fall obliterated the boarders (of the fields) all humanclaims to the landscape were made null and void by the snow(Snow Falling320). The snow covered the fields; all of the fields seemed as one field. Thenine inches of snow caused a visual unity of the strawberry fields. ..theworld was one world(Snow Falling 320). The element of water is used as a paradox in Gutersons novel SnowFalling on Cedars. Water is both the sustainer and taker of life. The damp andmisty climate on San Piedro Island is the reason why the community grows andprosper off of the strawberry based economy. Without the water, and the wet andnurturing environment it provided to the island there would be no foundation forlife. The ocean is also one of the key sources to the community. It providesthe community with a way to make a living. Water, the source of life in Gutersons literary works, is also the endof life. In several of his works water is portrayed as the place where lifeends. the wall of water rose up from behindCarl Heine fell swift andhard against the Susan Maries port gunnel. His head craked open above the leftear and then he slid heavily beneath the waves(Snow Falling 458). The tidalwave was the cause of Carls death; the water, this element of nature was truelyresponsible for the death of the fisherman. In that sense Gutersonn uses watermetaphorically to represent the circle of life; the source of life, themaintenance of life, and the end of life. .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 , .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .postImageUrl , .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 , .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31:hover , .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31:visited , .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31:active { border:0!important; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31:active , .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31 .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u73236eda812ac4b5add69f58b0c12c31:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Art Of Torture EssayGuterson uses trees as a metaphorical device to portray and predictevents in his literary works. He also uses them as literal tools to develop hiswork, beautiful cedars and elms which are magnificent, full trees with flowingbranches that are visually pleasing and familiar to his readers. In AmericanElm, one of Gutersons short stories, trees are used as a metaphor to screenand sheild the sanitarium from the rest of the town. Burrellville Sanatariumlay shadowed in a thicket of pines(Elm 118). In the town of Burrellville,the sanatarium has been isolated from the rest of the town because of the pinetrees that surround the building. The trees offer prote ction to the sanitarium. the old people waitedin the light that filtered through the pines(Elm118). The people who live in the sanatarium are not in touch with the outsideworld, but instead they are in touch with whatever the pines permit to be letthrough. The pines act as a metaphorical barrier; they seclude the sanatariumfrom forieners to its own world. Evidence that trees .. The most prominent element of nature that Guterson uses as ametaphorical tool to develop and resolve conflicts is snow. Throughout hisnovel, Snow Falling on Cedars, he writes about and describes the snow thatfalls on the small island on the Puget Sound in northern Washington. Gutersonsdescriptive words about the snow generally parallel the racism that dominatesKabuos trial. Kabuo stands accused of murdering local fisherman, Carl HeineJr., who fought against the Japanese in World War II. Outside, a winter stormis brewing the snow quietly blankets the island- much like the silentprejudice that shrouds its five thousand damp souls'(Pate 106). From the very start of the trial Guterson unveils the presence of racism. On the first day of the trial the racism had already greatly influenced thelikely outcome of the trial. Snow fell that morning outside the courthousewindows wind from the sea lofted snowflakes against the windowpanes.(SnowFalling 4). Almost the entire community was already blinded by prejudice as thesnow was falling on the island. The snow blurred from vision the cleancontours of the cedar hills(Snow Falling 5). As the snow fell on the island itcovered the cedars and made it very hard for any one to see that the trial was atrial of a man, and not the trial of a Japanese man. In the gallery thecitizens stood watching the snow lash toward them (Snow Falling 28). Prejudice, like snow, was predetermined. As the trial of Kabuo advances and more evidence is introduced, thethread of racism in the trial is much more vivid and evident. All of theevidence circumstantially incriminates Kabuo for murder. Again, Guterson usessnow as a metaphorical tool to develop the growing conflicts in the novel. Asracism and prejudice become more and more evident the snow fall increases. thefalling snow beyond the courtroom windows was coming (down) harder now, muchharder(Snow Falling 60). The racism that is represented by snow continuesunnoticed by the people in the town. As the snow thickens no one really seemsto notice the progression of the storm. By noon, three inches (of snow) hadsettled on the town, a snow so ethereal it could hardly be said to have settledat all the wind flung it sharply at their narrowed eyes and foreshortenedtheir view of everything(Snow Falling 170). The snow acts as a blind fold tothe community; no one can see the reality of what the snow could do or howsilently and unnoticed t he snow could warp the trial so far from its intendedpurpose. As the snow buries the island, Gutersons narrative begins to revealthe communitys secret heart, the injustice that may break it in two.(Pate 107)Snow is used in a very descriptive manner by Guterson, as his readersare treated to many different literal forms of snow. Hard falling, windwhipped, lashing, clean, beautiful, still, sun-dappled and silent are someof the different adjectives that Guterson utilizes to bring the recognizablereality of snow quite literally from the pages to the readers mind. The snowchanges in these scenes in the story as Gutersontells. .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de , .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .postImageUrl , .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de , .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de:hover , .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de:visited , .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de:active { border:0!important; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de:active , .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucee5ebd738dcbf15cc514c112f7fc9de:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shane Lakhan EssaySnow is also one of the elements that can also be traced throughGutersons earlier works. In Angels in the Snow Guterson uses snow in thevery same way that he uses snow as a metaphor in his novel. Angels in the Snowis a short story about the struggle for a man to maintain a truthful marriagewith his wife. In this story the snow that falls on Christmas eve symbolizesthe falling apart of his marriage due to unsurpassable problems. Outside thewindow a light snow blew down in the yard the grass looked sprinkled withpowder(Angels 3). Guterson weaves a tale about moralistic troubles that beganin a young mans fragile past. Outside, the snow covered the last of th e lawn. The world looked hushed, delicate and beautiful. ( Angels 7) This passagedescribes the delicate remembrances of the protagonists youthful days. Andthen, outside the falling snowflakes looked largera low drift was forming ( Angels 12). This statement is offered as Gutersons main character begins toconfront his past conflicts. Category: English